Youping Wang and Donna H . Wang Role of the Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid Type 1 Sensitive Hypertension : −

To determine the role of the transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1 (TRPV1) channels in development of hypertension in Dahl salt–sensitive (DS) rats fed a high-salt diet (HS), male DS and Dahl salt–resistant (DR) rats were maintained on a low-salt diet (LS) or HS for 3 weeks. HS significantly increased systolic blood pressure in DS HS rats compared with DS LS, DR HS, and DR LS rats. Intravenous bolus injection of capsazepine (3 mg/kg), a selective TRPV1 antagonist, significantly increased mean arterial pressure in conscious DR HS rats compared with DR LS, DS HS, and DS LS rats. In contrast, capsaicin (10 or 30 g/kg), a selective TRPV1 agonist, dose-dependently decreased mean arterial pressure in all of the groups with the most profound magnitude in DR HS rats compared with the other 3 groups. TRPV1 expression in mesenteric resistance arteries and the renal cortex and medulla, calcitonin gene–related peptide levels in dorsal root ganglia, and calcitonin gene–related peptide–positive sensory nerve density in mesenteric resistance arteries were significantly decreased in DS HS rats compared with DS LS, DR HS, and DR LS rats. Taken together, our data indicate that the TRPV1 receptor is activated and its expression upregulated during HS intake in DR rats, which acts to prevent salt-induced increases in blood pressure. In contrast, TRPV1 expression and function are impaired in DS rats, which renders DS rats sensitive to salt load in terms of blood pressure regulation. (Hypertension. 2006;47[part 2]:609-614.)